User profile attributes

This page serves as a reference for the default and custom attribute views in Snowflake. There are three views for default attributes and three views for custom attributes, each designed for a specific use case with its own performance considerations.

Available views

Type	View	Description
Default attribute	USER_DEFAULT_ATTRIBUTES_VIEW_SHARED	User profile snapshots
	USER_LATEST_STATE_DEFAULT_ATTRIBUTES_VIEW_SHARED	Real time user profiles
	USER_DEFAULT_ATTRIBUTES_HISTORY_VIEW_SHARED	Historical change logs
Custom attribute	USER_CUSTOM_ATTRIBUTES_VIEW_SHARED	User profile snapshots
	USER_LATEST_STATE_CUSTOM_ATTRIBUTE_VIEW_SHARED	Real time user profiles
	USER_CUSTOM_ATTRIBUTES_HISTORY_VIEW_SHARED	Historical change logs

User profile snapshots

These views provide periodic snapshots of user profile attributes. The data is delayed by up to 12 hours, making it useful for queries that don’t require real-time updates.

• USER_DEFAULT_ATTRIBUTES_VIEW_SHARED
• USER_CUSTOM_ATTRIBUTES_VIEW_SHARED

USER_DEFAULT_ATTRIBUTES_VIEW_SHARED

Schema

Column name	Data type
APP_GROUP_ID	VARCHAR
APP_ID	VARCHAR
USER_ID	VARCHAR
TIME	NUMBER
UPDATE_SOURCE	VARCHAR
SF_UPDATED_AT	TIMESTAMP_NTZ
EXTERNAL_ID	VARCHAR
FIRST_NAME	VARCHAR
LAST_NAME	VARCHAR
EMAIL	VARCHAR
GENDER	VARCHAR
PHONE	VARCHAR
DOB	VARCHAR
TIME_ZONE	VARCHAR
HOME_CITY	VARCHAR
COUNTRY	VARCHAR
LANGUAGE	VARCHAR

USER_CUSTOM_ATTRIBUTES_VIEW_SHARED

Schema

Column name	Data type
APP_GROUP_ID	VARCHAR
APP_ID	VARCHAR
USER_ID	VARCHAR
TIME	NUMBER
UPDATE_SOURCE	VARCHAR
SF_UPDATED_AT	TIMESTAMP_NTZ
CUSTOM_ATTRIBUTES	VARIANT

User profile snapshots - usage notes

• Provides a snapshot of user attributes with up to a 12-hour delay.
• Performs well for queries that don’t require real-time accuracy.
• Faster query execution, particularly when filtering on attributes other than USER_ID.
• Limitation: Data is not up to date in real time.

Real time user profile views

These views provides near real-time updates on user profile attributes, with data delayed by up to 10 minutes after an update occurs in Braze.

• USER_LATEST_STATE_DEFAULT_ATTRIBUTES_VIEW_SHARED
• USER_LATEST_STATE_CUSTOM_ATTRIBUTE_VIEW_SHARED

USER_LATEST_STATE_DEFAULT_ATTRIBUTES_VIEW_SHARED

Schema

Column name	Data type
APP_GROUP_ID	VARCHAR
APP_ID	VARCHAR
USER_ID	VARCHAR
TIME	NUMBER
UPDATE_SOURCE	VARCHAR
SF_UPDATED_AT	TIMESTAMP_LTZ
EXTERNAL_ID	VARCHAR
FIRST_NAME	VARCHAR
LAST_NAME	VARCHAR
EMAIL	VARCHAR
GENDER	VARCHAR
PHONE	VARCHAR
DOB	VARCHAR
HOME_CITY	VARCHAR
COUNTRY	VARCHAR
LANGUAGE	VARCHAR
TIME_ZONE	VARCHAR

USER_LATEST_STATE_CUSTOM_ATTRIBUTE_VIEW_SHARED

Schema

Column name	Data type
APP_GROUP_ID	VARCHAR
USER_ID	VARCHAR
TIME	NUMBER
UPDATE_SOURCE	VARCHAR
SF_UPDATED_AT	TIMESTAMP_NTZ
APP_ID	VARCHAR
CUSTOM_ATTRIBUTES	OBJECT

Real time user profile views - usage notes

• Provides up-to-date user attributes with minimal delay (~10 minutes).
• Useful for real-time analysis and scenarios where recent data is required.
• Performance considerations:
  • Queries on individual users are faster (under a minute using a large warehouse).
  • Queries without USER_ID filters require aggregation across all users, leading to significantly longer execution times.
  • Queries on a large dataset (such as over 100 million users) may take many minutes.

Historical change logs

These views store historical change logs of user attributes, capturing changes with a 12-hour granularity.

• USER_DEFAULT_ATTRIBUTES_HISTORY_VIEW_SHARED
• USER_CUSTOM_ATTRIBUTES_HISTORY_VIEW_SHARED

USER_DEFAULT_ATTRIBUTES_HISTORY_VIEW_SHARED

Schema

Column name	Data type
APP_GROUP_ID	VARCHAR
USER_ID	VARCHAR
APP_ID	VARCHAR
TIME	NUMBER
UPDATE_SOURCE	VARCHAR
SF_UPDATED_AT	TIMESTAMP_NTZ
EXTERNAL_ID	VARCHAR
FIRST_NAME	VARCHAR
LAST_NAME	VARCHAR
EMAIL	VARCHAR
GENDER	VARCHAR
PHONE	VARCHAR
DOB	VARCHAR
TIME_ZONE	VARCHAR
HOME_CITY	VARCHAR
COUNTRY	VARCHAR
LANGUAGE	VARCHAR
EFF_DT	TIMESTAMP_NTZ
END_DT	TIMESTAMP_NTZ

USER_CUSTOM_ATTRIBUTES_HISTORY_VIEW_SHARED

Schema

Column name	Data type
APP_GROUP_ID	VARCHAR
USER_ID	VARCHAR
APP_ID	VARCHAR
TIME	NUMBER
UPDATE_SOURCE	VARCHAR
SF_UPDATED_AT	TIMESTAMP_NTZ
CUSTOM_ATTRIBUTES	VARIANT
EFF_DT	TIMESTAMP_NTZ
END_DT	TIMESTAMP_NTZ

Historical change logs - usage notes

• Provides a record of historical changes to user attributes.
• Data is snapshotted every 12 hours, meaning multiple updates in this window are combined into a single record. Individual changes within this period are not separately retained.
• EFF_DT and END_DT mark the start and end of a user’s attribute state.

Best practices

Recommended query usage

Use case	Recommended views	Notes
General queries that do not require recent updates	USER_DEFAULT_ATTRIBUTES_VIEW_SHARED and USER_CUSTOM_ATTRIBUTES_VIEW_SHARED	Fast execution, with data up to 12 hours old.
Queries requiring the latest user attributes	USER_LATEST_STATE_DEFAULT_ATTRIBUTES_VIEW_SHARED and USER_LATEST_STATE_CUSTOM_ATTRIBUTE_VIEW_SHARED	Provides near real-time updates but can be slower for large datasets.
Historical tracking of attribute changes	USER_DEFAULT_ATTRIBUTES_HISTORY_VIEW_SHARED and USER_CUSTOM_ATTRIBUTES_HISTORY_VIEW_SHARED	Stores attribute changes with 12-hour granularity.

Performance considerations

• Queries on USER_DEFAULT_ATTRIBUTES_VIEW_SHARED or USER_CUSTOM_ATTRIBUTES_VIEW_SHARED should return in under 10 seconds for large datasets (~1 billion users) on a large warehouse.
• Queries on USER_LATEST_STATE_DEFAULT_ATTRIBUTES_VIEW_SHARED or USER_LATEST_STATE_CUSTOM_ATTRIBUTE_VIEW_SHARED for a single user return in under a minute but scale poorly without USER_ID filtering.
• Queries on over 100 million users in USER_LATEST_STATE_DEFAULT_ATTRIBUTES_VIEW_SHARED or USER_LATEST_STATE_CUSTOM_ATTRIBUTE_VIEW_SHARED may take several minutes due to per-user aggregation.